Premarital screening of 466 Mediterranean women for serum ferritin, vitamin B12, and folate concentrations

Background/aim: Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 serum levels are closely related with dietary habits and have an essential role in the healthy development of a fetus. We aimed to investigate hemoglobin, ferritin, folate, and vitamin B12 levels in preconceptional women in an area where a plant-based diet referred to as Mediterranean cuisine is commonly used. Materials and methods: The study population included 466 women between the ages of 18 and 45 years admitted for thalassemia screening. Sociodemographic variables and history of menometrorrhagia, pica, and dietary habits were collected. Serum vitamin B12, folate, ferritin, and hemoglobin levels were measured. Ferritin of <12 μg/L, vitamin B12 of <200 pg/mL, and folate of <4 ng/mL were accepted as deficiencies. Hemoglobin level of <12 g/dL was classified as anemia. Results: Polymenorrhea was present in 11.7% and hypermenorrhea in 24.8% of women. Anemia was detected in 24.9% and thalassemia trait in 3.0% of women. Low ferritin levels were observed in 46.1%, vitamin B12 in 21.6%, and folate in 3.4% of women. In the group with low vitamin B12, decreased meat consumption was more prevalent (27.5% vs. 16.9%; P = 0.019). Conclusion: Vitamin B12 and iron are the main micronutrients depleted in our community. This necessitates implementing a public health program for women consuming a Mediterranean diet. © TÜBİTA

Aerobic Stability and Nutritive Value of Low Dry Matter Maize Silage Treated with a Formic Acid-Based Preservative

Aerobic stability is one of the major problems of the ensiling process, especially in warm climates. Ashbell et al. (2002) have shown that at 30°C, the development of aerobic yeast and moulds in silages is most intensive. In Turkey all silages are susceptible to air penetration during storage and unloading with a large proportion of the silage spoiled and in extreme cases all the silage is spoiled. The purpose of the present work was to study the effects of formic acid-based preservative (FAB; Kemisile® 2000, Kemira Oyj-Industrial Chemicals, Finland) on the aerobic stability and nutritive value of maize silage

Improving the Aerobic Stability of Whole-Crop Cereal Silages

Whole-crop cereal silages, such as wheat, sorghum, and maize are susceptible to aerobic deterioration, especially in warm climates. This is because aerobic yeasts are the most active at 20-30°C (Ashbell et al., 2002). Therefore, it is very important to find suitable additives that inhibit fungi and protect the silage upon aerobic exposure. Propionibacterium acidipropionici is propionic acid bacteria (PAB), which produce propionic and acetic acid in silage. Results with these micro-organisms in laboratory studies were promising with regard to aerobic stability. The purpose of the present work was to study the effects of PAB, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and combinations of PAB + LAB on the fermentation and aerobic stability of whole-crop cereal silages

Comparison of advanced cutting techniques on hardox 500 steel material and the effect of structural properties of the material

Purpose of this study is to determine the most advantageous cutting method for a better competition chance. By presenting high hardness, high strength and superior toughness Hardox 500 steel. This sample was cut by plasma, laser, wire erosion and abrasive water jet (AWJ) methods from advanced cutting technologies. By taking micro structure photos of surface of the sample cut by different cutting methods, effects of different cutting methods on metallurgical structure of material were compared

The implementation of the high technology methods of cutting on St 50 alloyed steel and the examination of the effects of cutting operation at the surface of material

Since competition has risen in the manufacturing methods of present conditions, the chance of competition has lost in the situations which new or high technologies aren’t exactly known. The proper selection is important for competing in the market conditions. In this study, the aim is to present the most advantaged cutting method for obtaining quality products by using high technology for gaining a better chance of competition. In the test, St 50 alloyed steel is used as sample. This sample is cut with the methods of laser, erosion and abrasive water jet (AWJ) among the cutting operations made with the high technology. The micro structure photograph of surface of sample, which is cut, are taken and the effects of different methods of cutting on the metallurgical structure of material are compared. Also, changes are examined by performing the measurement of rigidity to the core from the edge of cutting. The most advantaged cutting method is presented by considering these examinations

The volume fraction of brain ventricles to total brain volume: a computed tomography stereological study

This study has been designed to estimate the volume fraction of the brain ventricles volume to total brain volume and to correlate them with gender and age in normal subjects. Cranial computed tomography (CT) images of 80 normally evaluated subjects (five female and five male for each decade) were selected from 1,073 CT examinations. The volumes of total brain, cerebral aqueduct, fourth, third, and lateral ventricles and their ratios were estimated using the Cavalieri method and volume fraction-stereological methods. The ratio of total brain ventricle volume to total brain volume was comparable between the two genders (p > 0.05, independent t test). Mean volume fraction of total ventricle volume to total brain volume was found to be 1.21% in the first and 3.37% in the last decades. Mean volume fraction was found to increase significantly with age (p < 0.01, r = 0.630, Pearson). In conclusion, the mean percentage of total ventricle volume within the total brain volume was found to be 2%. We demonstrated the volume fraction of total ventricle to total brain in normal subjects. Total ventricle volume to total brain volume fractions can be important tools in determining ventricle volumes, which denote variability in some diseases (Alzheimer, schizophrenia, neurodegenerative disorders, etc.) and can be estimated by stereological methods. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 4: 193-200

Determining the effective constitutive parameters of finite periodic structures: photonic crystals and metamaterials

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A novel approach to find the effective electric and A novel approach to find the effective electric and magnetic parameters of finite periodic structures is proposed. The method uses the reflection coefficients at the interface between a homogenous half-space and the periodic structure of different thicknesses. The reflection data are then approximated by complex exponentials, from which one can deduce the wavenumber, and the effective electric and magnetic properties of the equivalent structure by a simple comparison to the geometrical series representation of the generalized reflection from a homogenous slab. Since the effective parameters are for the homogenous equivalent of the periodic structure, the results obtained are expected to be independent of the number of unit cells used in the longitudinal direction. Although the proposed method is quite versatile and applicable to any finite periodic structure, photonic crystals and metamaterials with metallic inclusions have been used to demonstrate the application of the method in this paper. © 2008 IEEE

Differential expression patterns of metastasis suppressor proteins in basal cell carcinoma

Background: Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are common malignant skin tumors. Despite having a significant invasion capacity, they metastasize only rarely. Our aim in this study was to detect the expression patterns of the NM23-H1, NDRG1, E-cadherin, RHOGDI2, CD82/KAI1, MKK4, and AKAP12 metastasis suppressor proteins in BCCs. Methods: A total of 96 BCC and 10 normal skin samples were included for the immunohistochemical study. Eleven frozen BCC samples were also studied by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to detect the gene expression profile. Results: NM23-H1 was strongly and diffusely expressed in all types of BCC. Significant cytoplasmic expression of NDRG1 and E-cadherin was also detected. However, AKAP12 and CD82/KAI1 expression was significantly decreased. The expressions of the other proteins were somewhere between the two extremes. Similarly, qRT-PCR analysis showed down-regulation of AKAP12 and up-regulation of NM23-H1 and NDRG1 in BCC. Morphologically aggressive BCCs showed significantly higher cytoplasmic NDRG1 expression scores and lower CD82/KAI1 scores than non-aggressive BCCs. Conclusion: The relatively preserved levels of NM23-H1, NDRG1, and E-cadherin proteins may have a positive effect on the non-metastasizing features of these tumors. © 2014 The International Society of Dermatology

Relation of age and sex with carotid intima media thickness in healthy children

Background/aim: To investigate the age- and sex-associated carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) changes in healthy children to determine the age- and sex-specific normal range of values for childhood. Materials and methods: This study examined 91 healthy school-age children aged 7-15 years prospectively. Standardized sonographic cIMT measurements and analyses were performed. Body mass index and blood pressure were obtained, and atherosclerotic risk factors were investigated. Age- and sex-specific cIMT measurements for different age groups were calculated and the relation with sex was investigated. Results: Regarding the total study group, mean cIMT measurements for age groups 7-9, 10-12, and 13-15 years were 4.1 ± 0.5 mm, 4.4 ± 0.6 mm, and 4.6 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. cIMT did not differ between boys and girls in the same age group. Age related analyses showed significant variations among the age groups with positive correlation between cIMT and age. Conclusion: Our results suggest that age-related physiologic thickening of the carotid artery intima-media occurs not only in adults but also in children and that sex is not a factor for cIMT differences in childhood. © TÜBİTAK

Metastatic gallbladder adenocarcinoma with signet-ring cells: A case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Signet-ring cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive variant of mucinous adenocarcinoma. Only a few cases of gallbladder adenocarcinoma with signet-ring cells have been reported and because of this there is a lack of knowledge about the behavior and biology of this pathology.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We present the case of a 63-year-old Arab man with gallbladder signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma. He had an elective cholecystectomy and refused chemotherapy. Two months later, a small hepatic metastatic nodule was found, and nine months later he presented with multiple metastases in the liver, lymphatic nodes, both pleuras, peritoneum and subcutaneous tissue.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The proliferation of signet-ring cells in a gallbladder adenocarcinoma worsens the prognosis of an already adverse neoplasm. New lines of treatment in chemotherapy, such as cisplatin, or new biological therapy, such as monoclonal antibody c-myc oncogene, should be encouraged to improve the survival and life quality of these oncologic patients.</p